Category: Nursing – CEN

  • Endocrine

    Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Symptoms: Excessive urination, extreme thirst, dehydration, deep labored breathing (Kussmaul respirations), drowsiness, potential coma Treatment: Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS) Triggered by various factors (burns, stroke, infections, certain medications), commonly seen in type 2 diabetes Treatment: Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Disorders Diabetes Insipidus (DI) Inadequate ADH (“ADds Hydration Hormone”) results in excessive water loss…

  • Derm Emergencies

    Burns Types: Burn Classifications: Key Points: Scabies Treatment:Nail care: Keep nails short.Topical: Apply Permethrin 5% cream from neck down, leave for 8 hours, then rinse. Repeat after 1 week.Oral: Ivermectin 0.2 mg/kg, with a second dose in 2 weeks.Environmental cleaning: Electrolyte Imbalances Calcium Low Calcium (Hypocalcemia) High Calcium (Hypercalcemia) Magnesium Low Magnesium (Hypomagnesemia) High Magnesium…

  • Cardiac Emergencies

    Summary of Key Formulas and Concepts Cardiac Output (CO) Cardiac Index Factors that Influence Cardiac Output Pulse Pressure (PP) Ejection Fraction (EF) Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Three types of ACS: Indications of Possible ACS For cardiac and respiratory arrest – Be familiar with the current AHA ACLS guidelines! Keep in mind:…

  • Arterial Blood Gas

    Review of Normal Values Helpful Tips Review the governing equation: CO2 +H2O <–> H2CO3 <–> HCO3 + H+Lungs <–> buffering <–> kidney Abnormal States Respiratory Acidosis: Respiratory Alkalosis: Metabolic Acidosis: Metabolic Alkalosis: Uncompensated ABGs Process for Interpreting an ABG Examples Example 1: Example 2: Example 3: Example 4:

  • Abdominal / GI Emergencies

    Gastroenteritis Loose Stools Contagious causes: Shigella, Giardia, Salmonella, Rotavirus, Clostridium, Staphylococcus aureus Gastritis Stomach Inflammation Upper GI Bleed Ulcer Discomfort may worsen with eating or during fastingDuodenal ulcers: Pain typically occurs after meals, with potential bleeding but usually no vomiting of blood Management: Lower GI Bleed Bowel Obstruction GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) Pyloric Stenosis Pancreatitis…